Second Language Acquisition in Childhood Essay -- Language

Kids obtain their local language, which fall inside a wide scope of dialects, at a beginning time of improvement. During advancement, a kid starts to give indications of verbal correspondence, typically beginning as cooing, prattling, unmistakable words, and later at least two word sentences. This event is additionally found in the advancement of second dialects. Second language obtaining is the investigation of how second dialects are commonly evolved. The way toward gaining our local language is fundamentally the same as and powerful to the advancement of a subsequent language. The advancement of a subsequent language has gotten progressively mainstream all through the world. Today more individuals are growing up with suitable assets to get a subsequent language, which can be seen from the tremendous quantities of bilingual people. As recently expressed, â€Å"Second language obtaining is the investigation of how an extra language is created inside a child’s life† (Gass and Selinker, 2008). As per scientists David and Wei (2008) â€Å"evidence implies that bilingual children’s language advancement is all things considered equivalent to that of monolingual children†(p.599), which means these kids experience a similar procedure starting with chattering, trailed by single word sentences and advancing towards a more create multiword stage. They manner by which a kid builds up his/her first language turns into a guide for the improvement of a subsequent language. Youngsters may utilize their language abilities gained during L1 (first language) figuring out how to assist them with getting unknown dialects. Research has indicated that â€Å"both L1 and L2 are apparatuses that serve reciprocal and now and then covering functions† (Kohnert, 2008). Regardless of whether to utilize first language refrain second language m... ... Securing versus Learning of a Second Language: English Negation. Philologica Jassyensia, 5(2), 89-94. Recovered from EBSCOhost. David, An., and Wei, L. (2008). Singular contrasts in the lexical advancement of French-English bilingual kids. Worldwide Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 11(5), 598-618. doi:10.2167/beb478.0 Gass, S. M., and Selinker, L. (2008). Second Language Acquisition: An Introductory Course. Google Books. Recovered April 14, 2011, from http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=fhnbMj597-4C&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=second Kayser, H. (2004). Biliteracy and Second-Language Learners. The ASHA Leader. Recovered April 13, 2011, from http://www.asha.org/Publication Kohnert, K. (2008). Second Language Acquisition: Success Factors in Sequential Bilingualism. The ASHA Leader. Recovered April 13, 2011, from http://www.asha.org/Publication

Studies in English Literature Essay Example for Free

Studies in English Literature Essay Henry V, situated during the basic move from the Theater to the Globe, can fill in as a contextual analysis for this sort of financial close perusing. It recounts to an account of nonstop repositioning, great and terrible choices, business mistakes, and the functions of an organization that was attempting to succeed monetarily yet was a long way from guaranteed of achievement. From 1598 through 1599, the Chamberlains Men managed a progression of challenges. One of these challenges was identified with legislative issues: the companys decision of Henry V as a theme, expecting that it would be topical and well known, and the ensuing return of the lord of Essex tragically. Be that as it may, the vast majority of the companys issues were inside and financial. [3] The quest for a showy home took up the greater part of the companys vitality, through the Blackfriars money related disaster, in the unpleasant fights with Giles Allen over their rent (which brought about pulling down the Theater), and through their authorizing of Peter Street to construct another performance center in Southwark, the Globe. Another significant blow was the flight of William Kempe from the organization. Henry V shows the strains of making a progression of facilities to fit money related and inside emergencies: throwing changes, area changes, and changes in topical references. These lodging can be found in the preambles, in the housing to the throwing, in the break from 2 Henry IV, lastly, potentially, in the Bad Quarto content of 1600. In 1597, James Burbage kicked the bucket, leaving his children capital put resources into the Blackfriars Theater. He had purchased the Blackfriars on 4 February 1595/96. [4] His arrangements to move the organization there had been disappointed by the request of the occupants, including the companys own supporter, Lord Hunsdon: [W]hereas one Burbage hath of late purchased certaine roomes in a similar region neere adjoyning unto the residence places of the privilege fair the Lord Chamberlaine and the Lord of Hunsdon, which romes the said Burbage is presently changing and meaneth in the blink of an eye to change over and turne the equivalent into a comon playhouse, which will develop to be an extraordinary irritation and inconvenience [ldots] both by reason of the incredible retreat and assembling togeather of all way of transient and lewde people that, under cullor of depending on the playes, will come yonder and worke all way of mischeefe, and allso to the extraordinary pestring and topping off of a similar region, yf it ought to satisfy God to send any appearance of sicknesse as up to this time hath been [ldots] and besydes, that a similar playhouse is so neere the Church that the noyse of the drummes and trumpetts will enormously disturbe and ruin both the priests and parishioners in tyme of devine admini stration and messages [ldots] there hath not at any tyme up until now been utilized any comon playh ouse inside a similar area, however that now all players being ousted [ldots] from playing inside the Cittie by reason of the incredible burdens and sick standard that followeth them, they now thincke to plant them selves in freedoms. [5] The solicitors article to the expanded traffic, the clamor, the nature of the crowd (transient and lewde people), and to the chance of the plague. Maybe most huge is their explanation that the players are ousted from the city and now thincke to plant them selves in freedoms. It has frequently been accepted that the opportunity looked for by the playing organizations was fundamentally political and that the organizations were minimized. [6] Steven Rappaport calls attention to, in any case, that the freedoms were monetarily alluring to the individuals who wished to maintain a strategic distance from city guideline so as to get more cash-flow. [7] The freedoms were, consequently, endeavor zones, and as such were similarly appealing to showy organizations looking for financial opportunity. To put it plainly, the occupants of Blackfriars effectively obstructed the move. The Chamberlains Men were losing their rent at the Theater and had no place to go. Adams, John Cranford. The Globe Playhouse: Its Design and Equipment. second ed. New York: Barnes Noble, 1961. The years every other venue of its sort must be shut down, repaired, or supplanted. What's more, until its coincidental obliteration in 1613 the Globe was the key theater, open or private, in all London, involved solely by the main showy organization, during that companys most grounded years. In short the Globe saw in reality it encouraged substantially to make the brilliant long stretches of Elizabethan dramatization. In the event that for no different reasons this investigation of the Globe would be advocated. In any case, its central item is to set up the path for a more full comprehension of Shakespeares plays. The phase for which he composed contrasted drastically from our cutting edge stage, and as an outcome his procedures and shows were not at all like those of Broadway and Hollywood. As Mr. Tyrone Guthrie watched (in The Listener of April 10, 1958): Shakespeare will consistently must be butchered inasmuch as his work must be delivered in a kind of theater for which the plays were not composed, to which they are decidedly not well adjusted; a kind of theater intended for impacts which are superfluous to Shakespeares purposes, and hostile to the sort of impacts he looked for. On the off chance that we are to appreciate his virtuoso as the main writer as well as the main theater expert of his age, we should carry more to an investigation of his plays than the showy suspicions and procedures of today. It is imperative to the investigation of Shakespeare and his kindred producers to comprehend the structure of an Elizabethan open stage and the degree to which that stage was furnished with fixed or alterable landscape, with traps, machines, and properties all assisting with broadening and continue the extension and power of emotional figment. It is basic, for instance, to know where the crowd was set corresponding to some random unit of the various stage, and whether the internal stages (where such scenes as the homicide of Desdemona or the blinding of Gloucester occurred) were remote and faintly lit or were in full view and well lit. It resuscitates a portion of the fervor Shakespearean.

Financial Planning Now, Not Later COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Financial Planning Now, Not Later COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog I know what you are thinking . . . the January 5th admission deadline has passed, now I can kick my feet up and wait for my admission decision in March.   While this might be one possible option, it is not the option I recommend. It is no secret, attending graduate school can be expensive.   The time to look into financing your education is not after you get an offer of admission, it is now.   It is a terrible feeling to get an offer of admission and only then realize you might not be able to attend due to financing. My advice is that if you have not started already, that you set aside time each week to research issues related to the cost of graduate school and the payment options available. There are many kinds of aid available including: Institutional funding provided by SIPA External Scholarships (i.e. Fulbright, Pickering) Federal Loans (for U.S. citizens and permanent residents) Private Loans Work Study Grants Sponsorship funds from agencies/organizations Most SIPA students utilize a combination of resources to make attending possible.   Each year students bring in several million dollars of funding that does not need to be repaid by researching and applying for funding.   My feeling has always been that applicants should spend twice the amount of time researching financial aid as is spent on the process of applying for admission.   I covered this topic in a past post entitled The Rule of Two. I highly encourage you to review the entry but the analogy used is one that you might have heard before from a teacher.   It is not uncommon to hear a teacher say that for every hour spent in the classroom, at a minimum a successful student will spend two hours outside of the classroom. My feeling about admission and financial aid is the same. At a minimum, one should spend twice as much time researching financial aid options as researching admission to a program.   While SIPA does allocate around $6 million each year on fellowships for students, a limited number of first year students receive funding (around 10-15%). With this in mind, it will benefit you to research costs and other sources of funding so that if admitted you have a plan.   Not having a plan and not having done research is a strategy that most often leads to frustration.   Here are some tips to get you started: •  Check out SIPA’s own fellowship database. We search for scholarships for you and post them to the database.   The database is not SIPA specific.   As we search for and hear about funding, we make the information available to you. •  Use RSS  technology to deliver news to your email account or RSS Reader.   RSS allows for news to be delivered to you without having to go look for it every day.   As an example, Gmail accounts have something called the “Alert” tool and I am sure other providers have the same capability.   All you have to do is put in text for searches and a search engine will perform the searches daily  and deliver news to your email account.   You can type in search terms like “Graduate School Scholarships” or “International Affairs Scholarships.”   You can also utilize an RSS reader.   RSS readers are free and if you do not know what an RSS reader is, click here for a YouTube tutorial. •  Talk to people you know who have gone to graduate school and find out if they were able to find scholarship opportunities. •  Contact people that have written you a letter of recommendation and have them make multiple copies of the recommendation letter and give them to you in sealed envelops so you are ready if a scholarship opportunity arises and there is a tight deadline. • Start to familiarize yourself with the cost of living in New York City.   SIPA is only able to provide housing for approximately 30% of our students and most students must find housing the city.   A great resource to get started is Craigslist.   I recommend signing up for an email feed for NYC apartments.   Following rental trends will help familiarize you with costs around the city. • Familiarize yourself with the payment and billing options available to SIPA students.   You can get started by visiting the Columbia University Student Financial Services home page. I will not say the process of searching for funding and familiarizing yourself with costs is easy and it can take a considerable amount of effort.   However, the sooner you start to look the more doors you will possibly open figuratively and literally.

My Most Important Skills Someone Can Be Our Own Pop Culture

One of my most defining traits is being very analytical to what I am passionate about. I feel that critical thinking and analysis are some of the most important skills someone can have in this world today. The ability to look at everything presented to us critically: whether it be our own pop culture, the people around us, the events happening in the world, the social situations close to us, or the crucial decisions you make every day, can lead us to making better judgements by thinking about things with more complexity and understanding. I want to teach high school English for sophomores and seniors, because I feel that those are the most formative years during high school. For sophomores because that’s when they start forming their identity as a young adult, and for seniors because that is when they are about to leave high school and enter the adult world. Those two points in high school feel like the most crucial times we should be teaching literature to high schoolers, as an appreciation for literature and analysis can be very beneficial for students who are grappling with difficult questions and ideas about themselves. The lessons we can learn from literature and the critical thinking skills they would gain through analysis can help benefit the students and help them process the difficult changes they might be facing. Something that I would want to advocate to my students is that all media presented to them has the potential teach important lessons; whether it would beShow MoreRelatedThe Cognitive Development Of Children1269 Words   |  6 Pagesexample, of what can shape the cognitive development of a child can be an educational game. 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This question raises concern because recently many different fan bases or fandoms of certain movies, books, etc. have been criticized over the last decades due to their extreme dedication and obsession. Some peopleRead MoreA Loyal Servant, Graphic Design And Its Journey2084 Words   |  9 PagesA loyal servant, Graphic Design and its Journey Introduction Graphic design is a very young profession which has been forming for years and earned its own, separate name from other areas of art in around 80`s . Before that, graphic design was called commercial art and its practitioners were called visual communicators. As a such a young profession it grew incredibly fast and spread globally. In the book of Graphic Design For The 21st Century, C. P. Fiell describes it as the part of the fabric ofRead MoreEssay on pulp fiction2691 Words   |  11 Pages Pulp Fiction (1994) is a mesmerizing, violent and entertaining movie. It has a bizarre cast of characters, a nonlinear sequence of events and endless references to pop culture. The underlying theme of the movie, however, deals with religion and the transformation of two characters: Jules (Samuel L. Jackson) and Butch (Bruce Willis). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the beginning of the film, Vincent (John Travolta) has returned from a stay in Amsterdam, and the conversation between Jules and VincentRead MoreThe Hero As A Hero1529 Words   |  7 Pagesnoted for courageous acts or nobility of character; and a person who, in the opinion of others, has special achievements, abilities, or personal qualities and is regarded as a role model or ideal.† Nowadays, the word â€Å"hero† can be associated with literally anyone. Heroism can be associated such as famous people, fictional characters, average people, or even personally known ones. Therefore, the term â€Å"heroism† has completely evolved from its original meaning to a much more complex connotation. To

Breast Cancer Is Not Just A Single Disease Essay

Breast cancer is not just a single disease. It may come in different types. One particular type and the most common is the invasive ductal carcinoma or the infiltrating ductal carcinoma. This is cancer that invades the surrounding breast tissues as it breaks through walls of the milk duct. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is another type of cancer. This is non-invasive, meaning it does not spread to the surrounding breast tissues. Another type is the triple negative breast cancer. This happens when estrogen, progesterone, and HER-2, which fuel cancer growth, are not present in the tumor. This also means that hormone therapy and drugs are ineffective for this type, but chemotherapy may an effective option. Inflammatory breast cancer is a fast-growing type that caused to penetrate the skin and lymph vessels. For metastatic breast cancer, cancer basically spreads to other body parts including the lungs, bones, brain, or liver. This is also classified as Stage 4 breast cancer. The above m ention cancer types are the commonly seen cancer cases. However, there are other types which are not commonly seen such as the medullary carcinoma accounting for 3-5% of cancer types, tubular carcinoma making up about 2% of diagnosis, and mucinous carcinoma representing 1% or 2% of all cancer types (National Breast Cancer Foundation Inc., 2016). Symptoms Breast cancer is one of the cancer diseases which can be detected early by looking at its symptoms. Symptoms may include a lump or thickeningShow MoreRelatedBreast Cancer : The Most Common Cancer934 Words   |  4 PagesCancer occurs as an result of mutations in the genes responsible for regulating the growth of cells and keeping them healthy. Normally, the cells in our bodies replace themselves , healthy new cells take over as old ones die out, but, over time, mutations can â€Å"turn on† certain genes and â€Å"turn off† others in a cell. 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The Effect of Cell Phones Free Essays

The effects that cell phones have on our lives. Cell phones have become a normal part of our everyday living. I have seen people as young as five years old own a cell phone. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of Cell Phones or any similar topic only for you Order Now Nearly everyone has cell phones in this day and age. They have become a necessity for communication. Cell phones offer the ability to communicate with other people with like devices every minute of every day. If you are not able to speak directly with the other person, you can leave them a voicemail, send them a text message, send voice and picture messages, and even videos. Most cell phones now have internet access which allows a person to send emails to other individuals. Cell phones have had a positive impact on our lives. Cell phones are great to have in case of an emergency. For example, if someone’s car breaks down, or they run out of gas, the have a way of calling for help. Cell phones are an excellent source for communication. No matter where you are, or what time of the day, you can call anyone else who has a phone. Using a cell phone is a lot more convenient than having to have fifty cents in your pocket at all times to stop and use a pay phone. Most cell phones have calendars, note pads, and even access to the World Wide Web. People are using them for appointment reminders, keeping notes, reminders for birthdays and anything else they need to remember. You can use the internet access feature of a cell phone to access your email, look up phone numbers in search directories, and doing research. Some cell phones now come with Global Positioning Systems (GPS), to help people find their way to where they are going. A lot of cell phones have games on them and people like to play them while waiting in waiting rooms, or simply whenever they are bored. Cell phones have also had a negative impact in our lives as well. They have been found to be annoying, distracting, and dangerous. Many car accidents have been connected to cell phone usage. People are talking, dialing, and text messaging while driving down the road which is very dangerous and sometimes life threatening. People have become annoyed with cell phones ringing in the movie theatres, doctor’s offices, libraries, and other quiet places. Cell phones are also being used now by students to cheat in schools, which is causing a negative impact on their learning. Some hospital patients are at risk by cell phone users using their phones in areas that they are not suppose to. The prices of cell phones and minute plans are rising which is having a negative impact on our economy. People are no longer being able to afford to talk as much as they used to simply because the cost of living is rising. Cell phones are affecting our lives. The technology of cell phones is getting more and more advanced all the time. It is almost imperative that everyone owns a cell phone in this day and age. Regardless of the positive and negative impact cell phones are having on our lives, people will continue to buy and use them and the technology will keep advancing. How to cite The Effect of Cell Phones, Papers

The Shack Essay Research Paper selfadministered lethal free essay sample

The Shack Essay, Research Paper self-administered deadly injection without fright of prosecution? ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. We will write a custom essay sample on The Shack Essay Research Paper selfadministered lethal or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page rights.org/ deathnet/open.html ) . On January31, 1997, a Judge ruled that Charles Hall could take his ain life with the assistance of a physician. Senior Judge S. JosephDavis, brought in from Seminole County, ? found that Florida? s rigorous privateness jurisprudence and the equal protection clause in theU.S. Constitution entitled Hall, 35, and Dr. McIver to transport out an aided decease without fright of prosecution? ( Sun-Sentinel,1A ) . On February 11, 1997, Charles Hall? s opinion was overturned by the Florida Supreme Court: he no longer hasthe right to stop his ain life. He will hold to delay until May 9, 1997 until new statements will be heard. Hall, whohas been deemed mentally competent, contracted the virus in 1981 through a blood transfusion. ? Some of the complicationshe is meeting from the AIDS virus are arthritis, hepatitis, pneumonia and a encephalon cyst? ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.rights.org/deathnet/open.html ) . The Oregon Death with Dignity Act allows terminally sick grownups who are mentally competentto ask for a prescription for medicine? for the intent of stoping his or her life in a humane and dignified mode? ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.rights.org/deathnet/open.html ) . This act, ? Measure 16, ? was approved by the electors in 1994. ? Renewed effortsat the Legislative degree to turn over ? Measure 16? may now be anticipated to forestall the jurisprudence from being used? ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.rights.org/deathnet/open. hypertext markup language ) . In June, 1990, the Supreme Court decided that the parents of32 twelvemonth old Nancy Beth Cruzan, who had been in a auto accident and in what Doctor? s called a vegetive province forseven old ages, could non stop her intervention. Later that P > same twelvemonth, a Missouri Court ruled that the eating tubing could be removedafter grounds that Cruzan would wish to end the intervention was proven. ? Nancy Beth Cruzan died twelvedays subsequently? ( Death and Dying,26 ) . The First Amendment gives one the right to demand the rectification ofan unfairness. Would one non see a terminus unwellness an unfairness? Charles Hall contracted this deathly disease froma blood transfusion non from hiting drugs or holding unprotected sex. So wouldn? t Hall be entitled to hold this injusticecorrected? The Fourteenth Amendment gives one the right to life, autonomy, or belongings, without due processof jurisprudence. However, is populating with complications from a terminal unwellness, so terrible that one is unable to work independently, life? The authorities says that it is. Liberty is freedom, but is holding complications which do non let one to be freeand independent, freedom? The authorities says one time once more that it is. Freedom is besides holding the ability to makechoices. These picks should include the ability to make up ones mind to stop one? s ain life when such complications exist. In decision, grounds has shown that the First and Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution entitles citizens of the UnitedStates of America the right to decease. The authorities was setup to regulate, non to govern with absolute power. Ifthe people were to maintain silent about what they believe in, our authorities would non be as the system that it istoday. Our democracy was created because of those courageous psyches who fought for their rights, and we should followin their footfalls. If everyone would voice at that place sentiment in favour for the right to decease, the authorities would hold toattend to the peoples? wants.

NaNoWriMo 2019 How to FINALLY Write Your 30-Day Novel

NaNoWriMo 2019 How to FINALLY Write Your 30-Day Novel 30 Days, 41 Tips: How to Win NaNoWriMo 2018 Another November, another chance to break a lifetime of bad habits and write that novel you always knew was inside you. For those out of the loop,  National Novel Writing Month  (or NaNoWriMo) is an annual competition where writers must write a 50,000-word novel in 30 days (hence, the name).It sounds intense, but  thousands of writers take part in each year. Not only like, but many of the drafts writing during NaNoWriMo over the years have turned into bestsellers - like Hugh Howey's Wool and  Sara Gruen's Water for Elephants.Whether you're a  NaNo  virgin or a  WriMo  veteran, you can always do with a helping hand and some top advice. To help you with this year's competition here are 41 Top NaNoWriMo tips from authors and editors:Are you a NaNoWriMo veteran? If you have any advice for writers about to take part in the competition, please share it in the comments below.

Patriarchal Society Defined According to Feminism

Patriarchal Society Defined According to Feminism Definition: Patriarchal (adj.) describes a general structure in which men have power over women. Society (n.) is the entirety of relations of a community. A patriarchal society consists of a male-dominated power structure throughout organized society and in individual relationships. Power is related to privilege.  In a system in which men have more power than women, men have some level of privilege to which women are not entitled. The concept of patriarchy has been central to many feminist theories.  It is an attempt to explain the stratification of power and privilege by gender that can be observed by many objective measures. A patriarchy, from the ancient Greek patriarches, was a society where power was held by and passed down through the elder males. When modern historians and sociologists describe a patriarchal society, they mean that men hold the positions of power and have more privilege: head of the family unit, leaders of social groups, boss in the workplace, and heads of government. In patriarchy, there is also a hierarchy among the men.  In traditional patriarchy, the elder men had power over the younger generations of men.  In modern patriarchy, some men hold more power (and privilege) by virtue of the position of authority, and this hierarchy of power (and privilege) is considered acceptable. The term comes from  pater  or father.  Father or father-figures hold the authority in a patriarchy. Traditional patriarchal societies are, usually, also patrilineal - titles and property are inherited through male lines.  (For an example of this, the Salic Law as applied to property and titles followed male lines strictly.) Feminist Analysis Feminist theorists have expanded the definition of patriarchal society to describe a systemic bias against women. As second-wave feminists examined society during the 1960s, they did observe households headed by women and female leaders. They were, of course, concerned with whether this was uncommon. More significant, however, was the way society perceived women in power as an exception to a collectively held view of womens role in society. Rather than saying that individual men oppressed women, most feminists saw that oppression of women came from the underlying bias of a patriarchal society. Gerda Lerners Analysis of Patriarchy Gerda Lerners 1986 history classic,  The Creation of Patriarchy, traces the development of the patriarchy to the second millennium B.C.E. in the middle east, putting gender relations at the center of the story of civilizations history.  She argues that before this development, male dominance was not a feature of human society in general.  Women were key to the maintenance of human society and community, but with a few exceptions, social and legal power was wielded by men. Women could gain some status and privilege in patriarchy by limiting her child-bearing capacity to just one man so that he could depend on her children being his children. By rooting patriarchy - a social organization where men rule over women - in historical developments, rather than in nature, human nature or biology, she also opens the door for change.  If patriarchy was created by culture, it can be overturned by a new culture.  Ã‚   Part of her theory carried through into another volume, The Creation of Feminist Consciousness, is that women were not conscious that they were subordinate (and it might be otherwise) until this consciousness began slowly to emerge, starting with medieval Europe. In an interview with Jeffrey Mishlove on Thinking Aloud, Lerner described her work on the subject of patriarchy: Other groups that were subordinated in history - peasants, slaves, colonials, any kind of group, ethnic minorities - all of those groups knew very quickly that they were subordinated, and they developed theories about their liberation, about their rights as human beings, about what kind of struggle to conduct in order to emancipate themselves. But women did not, and so that was the question that I really wanted to explore. And in order to understand it I had to understand really whether patriarchy was, as most of us have been taught, a natural, almost God-given condition, or whether it was a human invention coming out of a specific historic period. Well, in Creation of Patriarchy I think I show that it was indeed a human invention; it was created by human beings, it was created by men and women, at a certain given point in the historical development of the human race. It was probably appropriate as a solution for the problems of that time, which was the Bronze Age, but its no longe r appropriate, all right? And the reason we find it so hard, and we have found it so hard, to understand it and to combat it, is that it was institutionalized before Western civilization really, as we know it, was, so to speak, invented, and the process of creating patriarchy was really well completed by the time that the idea systems of Western civilization were formed. Some Quotes About Feminism and Patriarchy From bell hooks: Visionary feminism is a wise and loving politics. It is rooted in the love of male and female being, refusing to privilege one over the other. The soul of feminist politics is the commitment to ending patriarchal domination of women and men, girls and boys. Love cannot exist in any relationship that is based on domination and coercion. Males cannot love themselves in patriarchal culture if their very self-definition relies on submission to patriarchal rules. When men embrace feminist thinking and practice, which emphasizes the value of mutual growth and self-actualization in all relationships, their emotional well-being will be enhanced. A genuine feminist politics always brings us from bondage to freedom, from lovelessness to loving. Also from bell hooks:  We have to constantly critique imperialist white supremacist patriarchal culture because it is normalized by mass media and rendered unproblematic. From Mary Daly: The word ‘sin’ is derived from the Indo-European root ‘es-,’ meaning ‘to be.’ When I discovered this etymology, I intuitively understood that for a [person] trapped in patriarchy, which is the religion of the entire planet, ‘to be’ in the fullest sense is ‘to sin. From Andrea Dworkin: Being female in this world means having been robbed of the potential for human choice by men who love to hate us. One does not make choices in freedom. Instead, one conforms in body type and behavior and values to become an object of male sexual desire, which requires an abandonment of a wide-ranging capacity for choice... From Maria Mies, author of  Patriarchy and Accumulation on a World Scale, linking the division of labor under capitalism to the division of the sexes: Peace in patriarchy is war against women. From Yvonne Aburrow: The patriarchal/kyriarchal/hegemonic culture seeks to regulate and control the body – especially women’s bodies, and especially black women’s bodies – because women, especially black women, are constructed as the Other, the site of resistance to the kyriarchy. Because our existence provokes fear of the Other, fear of wildness, fear of sexuality, fear of letting go – our bodies and our hair (traditionally hair is a source of magical power) must be controlled, groomed, reduced, covered, suppressed. From Ursula Le Guin: Civilized Man says: I am Self, I am Master, all the rest is otheroutside, below, underneath, subservient. I own, I use, I explore, I exploit, I control. What I do is what matters. What I want is what matter is for. I am that I am, and the rest is women wilderness, to be used as I see fit. From Kate Millett: Patriarchy, reformed or unreformed, is patriarchy still: its worst abuses purged or foresworn, it might actually be more stable and secure than before. From Adrienne Rich,  Of Woman Born:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"There is nothing revolutionary whatsoever about the control of womens bodies by men. The womans body is the terrain on which patriarchy is erected.†

Teaching Styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Teaching Styles - Essay Example The teachers should indicate where the progress of every student is being made. Praise, when earned makes the student aware and feels his success. Constructive criticism may be needed where persistent errors are being made. 4. Independence. The learner's gradual independence from adults and their increasing sense of responsibility are positive indicators of good teaching. The degree of independence gained in a given period should eventually measure up with the maturity level of the student. 5. Remedial teaching. Good teaching is both diagnostic and remedial in many subjects. There are various standardized achievement and diagnostic tests to help teachers to identify specific errors and weaknesses of students. Teacher-made tests made on content of the subject matter also indicate where remedial teaching may be required. 7. Integration. Building upon previous knowledge and experiences acquired, new learning experiences will undoubtedly contribute to an integration of what has been completed into the new learning experiences. 8. Lesson planning. Learning units, lessons and activities for the day and even house-keeping must be well-planned. Daily activity should be thoughtfully planned indicating the detailed procedure and the time frame for each topic. The common strategies and techniques used in teaching are the following: 1.) lecture 2.) discussion 3.) question-and-answer 4.) lecture-demonstration 5.) problem strategy 6.) project method 7.) laboratory 8.) field trip 9.) group or team teaching and 10.) drill strategy or practice. Lecture Strategy. This is classified as an authoritative teaching procedure wherein the teacher teaches largely through exposition, either oral or written. While other authorities view the lecture strategy as traditional procedure, lecture is the most natural and practical way of imparting information. Its efficacy, however, depends upon who does the lecturing, what new information he has to impart, and how he presents it. Lecturing is most often considered as a suitable technique for large groups of listeners, although it may also be used with the small groups. If not properly delivered, lectures may be time-consuming. Even a good lecture may fail as a teaching procedure if the recipient-- the listeners-are not able to follow or to understand the facts presented. As used in higher education, lecture strategy is a teaching procedure which involves clarification, exposition, and description of some major ideas that have been cast into the form of questions. The fundamental aim of lecture is to develop the act of listening and to develop creative thinking and reasoning. It is therefore, recommended that, for the lecture to be effective and productive, it must be interesting, well-expresses, concise, well-organized and adapted to the abilities and experiences of the listeners. Lecture fits into the classroom activities where it is needed to supplement the textbook, classroom discussion, student report, and individual study. A lecture may be either formal or

Analytic paper on the current state of economic development and its Term

Analytic on the current state of economic development and its system of governance in Somalia - Term Paper Example Somalia has been exacerbated by failed attempts of the international community to restore peace and as such Menkhaus argues that Somalia’s state collapse at governance level falls into the â€Å"dubious distinction of being the world’s foremost graveyard of externally sponsored state-building initiatives† (Menkhaus 74). However, on the other side of the spectrum, Menkhaus highlights the point that notwithstanding the socio-political collapse of Somalia’s governmental and judicial infrastructure; this is has not prevented economic growth and development particularly at a fragmented local level (Menkhaus 74). Moreover, Menkhaus suggests that the lengthy absence of governance is in fact a significant causal trigger in promoting economic development via joint ventures between business groups, traditional business methods and civic groups (Menkhaus 74). The focus of this paper is to critically evaluate the current state of economic development and its system of governance in Somalia. To this end, it is submitted as a central proposition in this paper that sustained economic development in Somalia is intrinsically dependent on the socio-political backdrop and that therefore implementing meaningful initiatives to restore legitimate governance will go further to sustain stability in economic development in the long term (Cypher & Dietz 22). Therefore, whilst the lack of governance may not have prevented economic development in Somalia per se, it is further submitted that the political instability remains a central barrier to sustained economic development and growth in Somalia in the long term. This proposition is further supported by Menkhaus’ argument that â€Å"the repeated failure of top-down efforts to revive Somalia’s central government must not obscure the significant success of governance-building efforts within some local Somali communities† (Menkhaus 74). Indeed, the post-colonial development of Somalia within the wider context of contemporary

Legend of Corn :: Free Essays

Chippewa is a small Native American group live up north. Their whole life of living is base on raising corn, hunting, fishing and tobacco is self entertainment. One day, they found a baby near the shore next to the canoe; they don’t know where the baby comes from but the kindness heart run in their blood, they decide to raise the baby. They also believe, in order to raise to a fine young man, everyone in the village must look after him, teach him how to be one good man. They gave the baby to grandma, and also his mother, as the primarily be on his side. Zhomin, the new baby, they teach him how to swim, how to hunt animal, how to be a fisherman, paddle the canoe, accept your mistake and learn from it, listen to the elder. The boy did everything as his elder tell him too. At night he always begs his mother tell story, he wants to know everything. As day gone by, the boy grow to be a man, his mother now is too old, she dying. His mother belief in supernatural and she is a sacred person, not just an ordinary mother, she knows what will happen in the future, like all other elders in the village they know something that most people don’t. Before she dies she told Zhomin, an outsider will come to this village and look for you, you will do what he wants you to do, never reject. An outsider, Mandabin comes to the village to look for hero in the village to challenge. Zhomin must meets his destiny, must accept Mandabin challenge, that’s his mother moral code. They fight night by nights, at last, Mandabin has come to his last breath, he told Zhomin bury him next to his mother as his final request. Zhomin buried Mandabin next to his mother and accept Mandabin as his friend, he light the fires up four days and nights to pray his friend.

Financial problem in a country or organization of your choice Essay

Discuss the causes of a financial problem in a country or organization of your choice and suggest some solutions. Specify the problem and the City/Country and relate to a particular study. Zimbabwe is an agricultural based economy previously known as the ‘bread-basket’ of Southern Africa. In the past decade, the country experienced a drastic economic disintegration due to wide range of factors including: unconstitutional land redistribution, health, decline in foreign investment and hyperinflation. The Zimbabwean economy is strongly intertwined with politics; therefore the political instability subsequently offset the economy. In 2000, the government embarked on ‘the land reform programme’ which removed white commercial farmers from arable lands so that it could be redistributed among black farmers. The experienced farmers were replaced by mostly black subsistence ones, with no farming knowledge, equipment and capital and therefore could not produce at a com mercial scale. There was no agricultural export, meaning there was a loss of foreign currency being injected into the economy on a regular basis. This marked the beginning of economic downfall. Richardson (2004:307). The failure of the agricultural sector which is the backbone of the economy led to the economic crisis. This meant that the government could not generate enough revenue to sustain its infrastructures such as the health sector. Health conditions are directly related to the poor economy. Sick workers were not able to work as much or as productively as healthy ones. Labour markets were less efficient and the market was not able to produce as much. Consequently, the economy produced far less per-worker than a similar healthy economy. This was evident in Zimbabwe by the low participation rate that at just over 35 %, as opposed to 51.08 % in the U.S. or 51.97 % in Japan. Richardson (2004:289). Another contributing factor was that foreign investors also fled, due to insecurities and the government policies dictating that 51% ownership of their businesses should be locally owned. Foreign direct investment fell to zero by 2001, and the  World Bank’s risk premium on investment in Zimbabwe shot up from 4 % to 20 % that year as well. Hill (2003: 109). Furthermore, the Zimbabwean economy was brought down by the illegal sanctions (an order that is given to force a country to obey international laws by limiting or stopping trade with it. Merriam-Webster dictionary 2012:198) imposed by the American and European superpowers. This meant that no trade was to be done with Zimbabwe. There was a sudden death of foreign currency and investment influx to the country. The U.S. and Britain have partially withheld financial support for Zimbabwe and there would be no access to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) because they could not pay their debt and the prevailing hyperinflationary conditions. Hill (2003: 102). The causes of Zimbabwe’s financial problem can be mitigated by first achieving a ‘political breakthrough’ that will depoliticize the economy. Then, land should be re-redistributed among experienced commercial farmers and train the less experienced ones to ensure a more sustainable output. There must also be a liberalisation of foreign investment regulations to attract the foreign investors. In conclusion, these suggested solutions will help to rebuild the economy and restore Zimbabwe as the bread basket of Southern Africa. References: Richardson, C,J. 2004. The Collapse of Zimbabwe in the Wake of the 2000–2003 Land Reforms. New York: Edwin Mellen Hill, G. 2003. The Battle for Zimbabwe. Cape Town: Zebra

Cyberbullying Is A Major Issue - 1205 Words

It can happen to anyone, on your phone, through social media, and once it starts it’s hard to take control and stop it. Cyberbullying has become a major issue. Cyber bullying can be very damaging. It can lead to anxiety, depression, and even suicide. Also, once things are circulated on the Internet, they may never disappear, resurfacing at later times to renew the pain of cyberbullying. Cyberbullying can take many forms such as sending mean messages or threats to a person’s email account or cell phone, spreading rumors online or through texts, posting hurtful or threatening messages on social networking sites or web pages, stealing a person’s account information to break into their account and send damaging messages, pretending to be†¦show more content†¦If cyberbullying leads to suicide, how can the criminal not be charged with murder? â€Å"The use of electronic communication to bully a person, typically by sending messages of an intimidating or threatening nature†, is the definition of cyberbullying according to the oxford dictionary. Cyberbullying can include such acts as making threats, sending provocative insults or racial or ethnic slurs, attempting to infect the victim s computer with a virus and flooding an e-mail inbox with messages. The fact that a bully can hide behind a user name, disguising his or her true identity makes it difficult to trace the source and encourages bullies to behave more aggressively than they might in a situation where they were identified. Social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter are where the most common occurrences of cyberbullying happen. In a case of cyberbullying 12 year-old Rebecca Ann Sedwick jumped to her death after enduring months of online harassment by more than fifteen classmates. Only two girls out of the classmates have been arrested and charge d with aggravated stalking and their involvement in the bullying. One of the girls accused stated that she wasn’t very worried about the charges. Leading many to question the further criminalization of cyberbullying. â€Å"Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power

Shareholder Wealth Maximization And Corporate Social...

Examining Globalization From The Viewpoints Of Shareholder Wealth maximization And Corporate Social Responsibility Theories â€Å"Sell a stock rather than try to change the company’s policy.† Introduction Are the goals of globalization, the primary driving force for international economic and financial development, best supported by the paradigms of shareholder wealth maximization or do they match the ideas of corporate social welfare as exemplified by Catholic social teaching? Globalization in the modern day is impacting each and every aspect of today’s society, from poverty to corporate riches. Can the theory of corporate social responsibility solve some of the defects with globalization, or on the contrary, is it possibly illegal? Without globalization, society would not be capable of advancing and bestowing on its inhabitants the luxuries and security that we live with today. Due to its mass importance, is the corporate world held accountable to provide for the less fortunate or do they have a responsibility to their corporation and to nobody else. This essay will address the apparent dichotomy between shareholder wealth maximization using Milton Friedman’s classic defense of it (‘The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase Its Profits’, by Milton Friedman, The New York Times Magazine, September 13, 1970) and catholic social thought, which argues for a stakeholders view (‘A Decade after Economic Justice for All: Continuing Principles, ChangingShow MoreRelatedMaximizing the Corporate Objective with the Stakeholder Theory1039 Words   |  4 Pagesmain contender to value maximization as the corporate objective is stakeholder theory, which argues that managers should make decisions so as to take account of the interests of all stakeholders in a firm, including not only financial claimants, but also employees, customers, communities, and governmental officials. Because the advocates of stakeholder theory refuse to specify how to make the necessary tradeoffs among these competing interests, they le ave managers with a theory that makes it impossibleRead MoreArgument For And Against Profit And Wealth Maximization1421 Words   |  6 Pages ARGUMENT FOR AND AGAINST PROFIT AND WEALTH MAXIMIZATION GOALS IN LIGHT OF CORPORATE FINANCE Every individual firm in any market segment has well set goals that it aims to achieve. These goals may be set by the owners or shareholders who must collaborate closely with the agents whom they have given the responsibility to manage the firm. The agents are basically the managers who through the agency theory must ensure that the firm is meeting its strategic goals. A firm with noRead MoreThe only legitimate objective of any firm is Maximization of Shareholder Wealth2220 Words   |  9 Pages 1. Introduction â€Å"Corporate finance theory, teaching and the typically recommended practice at least in the US are all built on the premise that the primary goal of a corporation should be the maximization of shareholder value.† (Krishnan, 2009) One often stumbles upon such statements while reading about shareholders value or maximization of shareholders wealth. This is also a typical answer to questions such as â€Å"what is the best and primary objective of a company in a competitive market†Read MoreStakeholder4051 Words   |  17 PagesStakeholders, Shareholders and Wealth Maximization V. Sivarama Krishnan, University of Central Oklahoma ABSTRACT This paper attempts reconciliation between the two somewhat extreme views espoused by the shareholder wealth maximization paradigm and the stakeholder theory. The stakeholder theory challenges the basic premise built into corporate finance theory, teaching and practice. Corporate finance theory, teaching and the typically recommended practice are all built on the premise that theRead MoreStakeholder Theory and Competing Concept1707 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Stakeholder theory was given by R. Edward Freeman, which was expressed many ways to represent the stakeholder as an important part of the corporate responsibility. According to Stenberg (1996), this stakeholder theory, is basically not capable to provide better corporate governance. He also stated that, this theory is unable to provide a better view of business performance (Edward Reed, 1983). Currently, the stakeholder theory has been grown up from its origin and seen as the conceptRead MoreTransparency Is Key Aspect of Corporate Governance1331 Words   |  6 Pagescompany reporting. 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The answer perhaps is found in â€Å"enlightened shareholder value† approach that providesRead MoreAnalysis Of William Allen s The Dodge Brothers 1896 Words   |  8 Pagesprovide increasing employment at good wages and to only incidentally make money.† (Allen 38) In contrast, the Dodge brothers, (the Founders of the Dodge division of Fiat) who owned roughly ten percent of the equity in Ford’s company, argued that the shareholders owned the enterprise and were entitled to force the directors, in this case Ford, to distribute some of the firm’s accumulated profit. The Justices of the Supreme Court ultimately ruled that Ford must pay the Dodge brothers dividends and not useRead MoreProfit Maximization vs Wealth Maximization5736 Words   |  23 PagesA PROJECT REPORT ON â€Å"PROFIT MAXIMIZATION V/S WEALTH MAXIMIZATION† Submitted to In requirement of partial fulfillment of Master of Business Administration (MBA) Submitted on Submitted by PREFACE As a part of the curriculum of the MBA Program of the _________________, the students are required to undergo project work in addition to their theoretical study so as to enable them to have the knowledge of theoretical aspects taught in the class room with its practical application. As students of management

Cultural Sensitivity On The Part Of Nurses Towards Jewish...

It may seem that there would not need to be much cultural sensitivity on the part of nurses towards Jewish people. After all, Jews have been intricately involved in American culture and history almost from the beginning of America. This melding of the Jewish culture into popular American culture is shown in many ways. For example, many Yiddish words are part of American colloquial English. Shalom is a Hebrew word that is commonly used by Jewish people to mean â€Å"peace†, â€Å"hello†, or â€Å"good-bye† (Bralock Padgham, 2017, p. 513). Shalom may be a common Jewish word, but it has been read, heard, and even used by non-Jews. In fact, a number of Yiddish words have made it into popular and colloquial English usage. These include words such as†¦show more content†¦514). My interviewee, Elyssa, a young Jewish woman of twenty-eight, however believes that this generality is not true of the younger generation of Jews who tend to be more reserved with their demeanor, expressing themselves more with a sense of humor and sarcasm. According to Culture Vision (n.d.) Jewish dogma teaches that â€Å"It is everyone s duty to maintain and preserve his or her own good health (both physical and mental)†. This does not mean that even Orthodox Jews avoid medical assistance. It merely means that their approach may be limited by Jewish beliefs. For example, Elyssa states, â€Å"more religious Jews may want to consult a rabbi with certain medical decisions, especially if more ethically questionable. Also, even Jewish people who strictly observe the Sabbath are able to break it for life saving measures. However, the needed medical treatment is not lifesaving they may well refuse to participate in it on the Jewish Sabbath. For example, a patient in the hospital might prefer to delay a test or even a procedure if it is not literally emergent and likely necessary to preserve life and health permanently† (E. Jankelovitz, person communication, January 20, 2017). Despite this it is important to remember that Jewish people not only want immediate relief during illness but also worry about what theShow MoreRelatedCultural And Religious Considerations During End Of Life Care1686 Words   |  7 Pages Cultural and Religious Considerations During End-of-Life Care Geraldine Barron Denver School of Nursing â€Æ' Abstract There are many cultural and religious beliefs in the world in which many individuals base their end of life care according to those beliefs. As a nurse it is important to be aware of the different varieties of religious and cultural beliefs and be open minded when caring for these individuals. 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Research has shown that when families become more involved with schools, the students in thoseRead MoreAdvancing Effective Communicationcommunication, Cultural Competence, and Patient- and Family-Centered Care Quality Safety Equity53293 Words   |  214 PagesAdvancing Effective Communication, Cultural Competence, and Patient- and Family-Centered Care A Roadmap for Hospitals Quality Safety Equity A Roadmap for Hospitals Project Staff Amy Wilson-Stronks, M.P.P., Project Director, Health Disparities, Division of Quality Measurement and Research, The Joint Commission. Paul Schyve, M.D., Senior Vice President, The Joint Commission Christina L. Cordero, Ph.D., M.P.H., Associate Project Director, Division of Standards and Survey Methods, The JointRead More`` France Virile : Des Tondues A La Liberation, Sexuality, And Sadism8413 Words   |  34 Pagespower, to be bald deprives a woman of the ability to fit into our society, to be a woman in the public sphere. 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That is, you are free to share, copy, distribute, store, and transmit all or any part of the work under the following conditions: (1) Attribution You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author, namely by citing his name, the book title, and the relevant page numbers (but not in any way that suggests that the book

A Reflection on Plan Evaluation Free Essays

Topic: PLAN EVALUATION REFLECTION In this topic plan evaluation, I now understand why we always have visitors from the division, region and even from the central office visiting our school to evaluate and observe how things are being carried out. In my three years of service in the government, there was no school year that there was no evaluation. Seeing them holding some checklists made us tremble while asking us things and observing our classes. We will write a custom essay sample on A Reflection on Plan Evaluation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Being new in the system I wondered and ask myself, is it proper that after evaluation they will have feed backing so that we will be able to know what areas we need to improve and what are their suggestions for the betterment of our school and children. That is one thing that I had observed that after evaluation, results of the observation were not discussed for improvement sake. As I go over with my topic in plan evaluation I was enlightened why they regularly conduct evaluation and why we were not informed about the results of the evaluation. It was then that the results were for the policy makers, program directors and direct program staff consumption only. If given a chance in the future to plan for an evaluation, I would suggest that any corrections or any part of the program that need some improvement, during the onset of evaluation, feed baking should took place right after the evaluation so that the implementers of the program (teachers) will be able to know where they need some polishing that will be congruent with the objectives of the program. During the design of the evaluation process it would be better if local persons and all those who are involved in the implementation of the program will be present during the discussion period so that opinions are expressed and be validated, for everybody has its part to the success of the program. All evaluation plans should identify both participants and stakeholders, and should include the relevant items developed in the evaluation process. In the monitoring aspect, I would go with the combination of performance evaluation and evaluation done on a continuing program because this will measure the impact of the program on the society or on the people. This is done to improve continuously the performance of the program period after period and in the same way this will enable planners identify shortcomings and can devise remedial actions while the plan/program is still in progress. Thorough studies should be done on what evaluation design will be best applicable to a program and I would recommend applying it or testing first the evaluation design on small population prior to the piloting. Through this, monitoring and evaluation will be manageable and any unexpected occurrences in the program will be observed right away and be given solution. Revisions of the program can be done as early as this stage. Lastly, ensure that the evaluation will be as fair, accurate, and effective as possible. The use of specific tools can help in the success of the project like annual reports, quarterly or monthly reports from the monitoring system, and anything else should equally agreed between the organization and the evaluation team. How to cite A Reflection on Plan Evaluation, Essay examples

Validity Consumer Physical Activity Monitor -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Validity Consumer Physical Activity Monitor? Answer: Introduction The suitability of the Time Driven Activity Based Costing has been aimed to be evaluated and examined in this particular study. The essentialities of the study have been looked at from the viewpoint of a graduate consultant who has been readily employed in a management consultancy firm. For the purpose of the study, it has been assumed that the organization named Boral Limited is an important client of the consultancy firm. Boral is one of the top manufacturing firms of the nation. The first segment of the report stresses the business activities that are essentially carried out by the leading manufacturing firm. The next part of the study executes the scrutiny of the Time Driven Activity Based Costing and its essential characteristics. Lastly, the differences between the three different systems of costing namely activity based costing system, traditional systems of costing and Time Driven Activity Based Costing has been discussed. Furthermore, it has been analyzed whether the Time Dr iven Activity Based Costing is suitable for implementation in Boral Limited (Rasouli and Timmermans 2014). An insight into Boral Limited Boral Limited is a leading manufacturing firm and is essentially a multinational company. The company is based out of Australia and has its branches in USA and Asia as well. The entity primarily deals in the construction and manufacturing materials. The financial year of 2017 marked the organization generating sales revenue of 4.39 billon AUD with a number of employees ranging around 16,000 and more than 700 operating sites. There are three operating divisions in Boral, which include Boral Australia, USG Boral and Boral North America. The management of Boral Limited in considering the implementation of the TDABC system in the organization and that is the reason this organization has been chosen for this study. The main products of the organization include concrete, quarry, asphalt. Cement, concrete placing, bricks, roofing, masonry, softwood and hardwood timber. This particular division of the organization deals in and is a major supplier of the products or materials that are required for the purpose of construction that may be residential or commercial in nature along with engineering markets and roads (Hill caes et al., 2016). Time Driven Activity Based Costing system its characteristics The sole purpose of the development of the Time Driven Activity Based Costing system is that there a number of issues associated with the activity based costing system. The existence of these issues has resulted in a cheaper, more convenient and clarified costing system that is the TDABC system. The major benefit provided by this particular system of costing is that it removes the need to conduct a survey or interview the staff of the organization for the apportionment of the costs related to resources to the associated activities prior to the formulation of the cost objects. The cost objects may be orders, customers or products (Weygandt, Kimmel and Kieso 2015). The TDABC system facilitates the essential apportionment of the costs related to the resources to the cost objects. This is fundamentally executed with the help of a framework that is of optimum quality. The major characteristics of the TDABC system are as follows: The TDABC system is utilized in the computation of the cost in regards to the supply of resource capacity. To understand this in a better way, the operation of a particular department of Boral Limited can be considered. The department that handles customers has been taken into account. In carrying out the costing system of such a department, the TDABC system will compute the costs that are related to supervision, resource staff, departmental equipment and technology implemented. The system facilitates the disintegration of the total cost by the capacity of time available from the staff, executing the departmental proceedings in order to reach the cost capacity rate (Weygandt, Kimmel and Kieso 2015). The TDABC system facilitates the optimum utilization of the cost capacity rate in order to convert the resource costs in regards to the particular department by the projection of the demand of the resource capacity that is needed for all cost objects. In regards to the customer-handling department in Boral Limited, the TDABC costing system essentially needs a measurement of time that is required for the order by a particular customer, to be processed. However, it should be noted here the Time Driven Activity Based Costing system has been designed in such a way that it is not required to match each order of the customers. The uniqueness of this particular costing system lies in the fact that it permits the estimated time for each order to vary depending on the demands by the customers. These orders may be manual or automated orders, expedited orders, global orders, orders for fragile products and orders of the new customers not having any existing credit record. Thus, the TDABC system leads to the effective simulation of the processes that are employed for the execution of various works in an organization. The TDABC system also has enough capability to capture the complicated costs in comparison to the activity based costing system. The system can achieve this without the facilitation of the required data estimates and processing or storage capacities (Weygandt, Kimmel and Kieso 2015). Comparison between the traditional system of costing, ABC costing and TDABC The founder of the ABC and TDABC systems of costing has been Robert Kaplan who had developed these systems in the year of 1980. Many experts believe that the traditional system of costing has not been able to divide the overhead related to the costs in an effective manner and has failed to identify the potential band of profitable customers. This is the major reason behind the introduction of the TDABC and ABC systems of costing. It should be noted here that both the ABC and TDABC have the capacity to identify and measure the customer profitability. Thus, both these costing systems lead to the effective development of reliable cost drivers for allocating the costs to the particular activities. A comparative study of the three systems of costing has been drawn below: Traditional System of Costing A huge number of firms are using the traditional system of costing in the recent times for the allocation of manufacturing overheads to the total units that have been produced. The most essential assumption taken in by the users of the traditional costing system is that the volume of production is the major cost driver related to the manufacturing overhead. In this particular system of costing the cost accountants, carry out the allocation of the costs of manufacturing only in the case of the products. The traditional system of costing does take into account, the non-manufacturing expenses that have been incurred while producing the similar product. Moreover, it should be noted here that the conventional systems of costing is no more used by the manufacturing firms. This is due to the fact that the manufacturing firms have been using the latest technology like the computers and automated machines that outdate this particular system of costing. The traditional costing system also igno res the cost drivers that the total cost of production constitutes. Therefore, the utilization of this particular system by the manufacturing firms may lead to a faulty cost management system as this particular system does not consider the non-manufacturing costs (Christopher 2016). ABC system of costing The activity based costing system gives a perfect overview into the cost structure of a particular organization. However, it should be noted here that the companies all over the world use this particular system as a supplement. The activity based costing system facilitates the computation of cost related to the activities that are associated with the production of a particular item by linking them with an activity cost. The major advantage provided by the activity based costing system is that this particular system of costing facilitates the allocation of cost to only those products that are essentially required for production. The system results in the removal or elimination of the irrelevant costs. This particular costing system also facilitates the better extraction and interpretation related to management within the organization and better understanding of the process of costing by the non-consideration of the irrelevant costs. However, the particular disadvantage posed by this technique is that this costing system is expensive in nature and cannot be afforded by small-scale organizations (Balakrishnan, Labro and Soderstrom 2014). TDABC Costing system The TDABC system has been introduced as a further development of the Activity based costing system. The benefits provided by the TDABC system are as follows: The TDABC system has the capacity to work in association with customer relationship management and enterprise resource planning The TDABC system has the capacity to deal with a humongous number of transactions at a high processing speed by the effective utilization of the ERP system The major benefit provided by this particular system of costing is that it removes the need to conduct a survey or interview the staff of the organization for the apportionment of the costs related to resources to the associated activities prior to the formulation of the cost objects This particular system of costing provides an overview into the time capacity of business Lastly, the TDABC system can be utilized without the availability of a suitable ERP system within the organization Appropriateness of the TDABC system to Boral Limited The above analysis that has been carried out effectively indicates that the TDABC system is appropriate for Boral Limited. The major reason behind this recommendation is that this particular system of costing provides a better overview into the efficiency and the capability of the company in terms of predicting the future resource demands. Moreover, this particular firm has been facing high degree of competition from its competitor firms. Thus, it is high time that the organization considers the need to cut down its cost of production, which can only be achieved, with the help of TDABC system. This is because this particular system of costing will enable the organization to reduce the costs of production by identifying the resources that are both relevant and irrelevant in relation to the products or services of the firm. It should also be noted here that the facilities provided by the Time Driven Activity Based Costing System in regards to online services have been commendable. The administration of Boral Limited can consider creating a market online that will efficiently reduce the costs of production and also eliminate the limitations imposed by the physical or geographical boundaries. The TDABC model could facilitate the development of a suitable cost driver in regards to the cost incurred while providing services online. Moreover, the TDABC costing system provides an effective overview into the overhead costs that could be effectively utilized for monitoring and evaluating the different activities that are undertaken in order to carry out the online services of the firm. The TDABC system irrespective of the nature of business conducted by the firm will result in a number of benefits that will ultimately increase the profitability of the firm. Thus, the TDABC system is effective and appropriate fo r Boral Limited as it will provide the organizations with a number of advantages like expand the potential band of customers, minimization of costs and improve the online services by the organization. Conclusion From the discussion in the preceding paragraphs it can be concluded that the TDABC system enhances the complete costing system of a firm by removing the need to conduct a survey or interview the staff of the organization for the apportionment of the costs related to resources to the associated activities prior to the formulation of the cost objects. This particular costing system facilitates the reduction in the total cost of production by increasing the capability of the firm to estimate future resource demands. Thus, it can be evidently concluded that the TDABC system is the most appropriate costing system for Boral Limited. References Balakrishnan, R., Labro, E. and Soderstrom, N.S., 2014. Cost structure and sticky costs. Journal of management accounting research, 26(2), pp.91-116. Christopher, M., 2016. Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Cooper, R., 2017. Target costing and value engineering. Routledge. Haz?r, ., 2015. A review of analytical models, approaches and decision support tools in project monitoring and control. International Journal of Project Management, 33(4), pp.808-815. Hill, R., Below, B. and Bruns, K., Boral Ip Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited and BORAL IP HOLDINGS (AUSTRALIA) Pty Ltd, 2016. Building material. U.S. Patent D755,990. Himmelstein, D.U., Jun, M., Busse, R., Chevreul, K., Geissler, A., Jeurissen, P., Thomson, S., Vinet, M.A. and Woolhandler, S., 2014. A comparison of hospital administrative costs in eight nations: US costs exceed all others by far. Health Affairs, 33(9), pp.1586-1594. Lee, J.M., Kim, Y. and Welk, G.J., 2014. Validity of consumer-based physical activity monitors. Medicine Science in Sports Exercise, 46(9), pp.1840-1848. Plank, P., 2018. Introduction. In Price and Product-Mix Decisions Under Different Cost Systems (pp. 1-5). Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden. Rasouli, S. and Timmermans, H., 2014. Activity-based models of travel demand: promises, progress and prospects. International Journal of Urban Sciences, 18(1), pp.31-60. Weygandt, J.J., Kimmel, P.D. and Kieso, D.E., 2015. Financial Managerial Accounting. John Wiley Sons.

11 Ways to Stay Positive As a New Freelance Writer

Youve finally decided freelance writing is what you want to do. No more working at your 9-5 job that has no relation to your skills and expertise. No. You want to write. You want to make a living writing, but something is holding you back. Youre wondering if this is really REAL and if its really WORTH it. And those feelings suddenly make you less confident of becoming a freelance writer. Want to know something? I have been in your shoes more times than I can count. Staying Positive As a Freelance Writer Ive had a writer say my writing is the equivalent to junk food – writing that doesnt sustain you. Ive had a client rip my writing apart and ask for a complete re-write. And Ive felt I turned in my best work, only to have a client say nothing and just give me another project. This all happened in my first year as a freelance writer – but I never gave up. You might be in a different position. Maybe you havent landed your first freelance writing job yet. Maybe you are at the pitching stage, and you are losing hope. Ive been there also, and I know if you stick at it just a bit longer, youll succeed.  Here are 11 ways you can remain positive in your first year as a freelance writer! 1. Believe in Yourself This might be hard if your freelance writing niche is something you have no experience with it. This is what I did. I first thought my niches were parenting and health – two topics I know a lot about. But, as I researched more about freelance writing, I learned I loved marketing. I was very new to marketing when I first started, but I declared that as my freelance writing niche. I believed in myself. I believed I could easily find more about the topic on Google or YouTube. If a client gave me a difficult topic, I had the confidence in saying that I was not the right writer for them. One thing you need to remember as a freelance writer is that clients see you as the expert. You are the expert finance writer, or you are the expert tech writer. You are the expert in online writing, copywriting techniques, up-to-date industry knowledge and more. But, what if you are a brand new freelance writer? What if you dont know all of that? Thats okay. You are a great writer and researcher (all writers are readers and researchers). Have the confidence to say you are the expert writer! 2. Be Honest With Yourself Are you cut out to be a freelance writer? Its hard when you  doubt your ability to pitch or even write. Doubt plagues you every day! To help you overcome your doubt, you need to be honest with yourself and ask these questions: Is writing enjoyable enough that I can write about the same topics as my full-time job (or side hustle)? Am I able to deliver the right type of content to my new clients? Can I work alone? How will I handle rejection from a freelance writing job? How will I handle tough or difficult clients? Can I handle all the business side like accounting and invoicing? Will my creativity wane if writing is my job and not just for fun anymore? As a freelance writer, youll be in charge of a lot of tasks and wear many hats for sure. Make sure you understand your role as a solopreneur and what that entails. 3. Practice Writing You need to practice writing every day as a way to improve your writing quality and skill. Its not enough to write tweets every day; you need to write blog posts, guest posts, emails and samples! Doing this one task every day will quickly improve your writing skill. I own and manage several blogs, and I try to write a blog post daily, but its not that consistent. So, try to do what you can with your busy schedule! 4. Write Out Your Goals Having goals as a freelance writer is important to help you succeed to the next level. When you write your goals, you give them a voice, and they suddenly become real. Make sure to read your goals daily to give you motivation. My initial goal when I started freelance writing was to land at least one freelance writing job within four months. I felt this goal was highly obtainable and easy. I didnt want to make my goal too big or not relevant for me at that time (like making $5,000 from freelance writing by the winter). So, if you find yourself down in the dumps about freelance writing, go back to your goals and focus on them! From there you can create a plan around your goals! 5. Have a Mantra One thing I did when I first started out was to have a mantra to help me boost my confidence as a freelance writer. For me, a mantra is a positive saying about YOU that helps you identify your strengths. So, my mantra when I first started was – no one can write like me. I had to prove to myself that MY WRITING was worth it and I did that by telling myself exactly that!!! To help you, here are some mantras that you can adopt when you arent feeling that confident about freelance writing. All businesses need blogs, and all blogs need writers Clients value my writing My writing makes my clients job easier 6. There Are Other Freelance Writers To Help You Youre not the only one doing this as a side hustle or as a full-time gig. There are other freelance writers in the same position as you. By connecting with them, you form a tribe and a support network to help you when times are slow, or you need a pep talk. To find your tribe of writers you can look to Pinterest or Facebook groups too! 7. Create a Rant Group On another vein, you can round up other freelance writers and have a rant group. Use this group to blow off steam or talk ill about your current gig or anything that is making you frustrated. I have a freelance writer friend IRL that I meet up a few times a year. We go to Starbucks and dish out our latest gripes or successes or just gossip about life! Its a great time to connect and talk to someone that is doing the same thing as me. 8. Find a Freelance Writer Buddy If being in a Facebook group is too intimidating or overwhelming, why not seek out another new freelance writer? You can contact them via email or on social media. When I first started out, I contacted several new freelance writers and asked them various questions. You can lean on this buddy, have them review and critique your writing and if youre lucky, get gigs off of them! 9. Change Your Mindset For many of you, the primary emotion youre probably feeling is fear. Fear of failing or fear of putting yourself out there for nothing. Instead of being stopped by fear, try walking into fear. Allow yourself to have that fear and then walk past it. It may seem uncomfortable in the beginning, but over time, it becomes second nature. Treat every rejection as a blessing. Obviously, THOSE clients werent compatible, and because they rejected me, they opened the doors to better clients. When you change your mindset, you become more successful! 10. Challenge Yourself If you have a hard time changing your mindset, why not challenge yourself instead? Give yourself a deadline for projects and tasks as a freelance writer. For example, give yourself two weeks to pitch 10x a day. Or give yourself by the end of the day to write a sample blog post. By setting a firm deadline, youll be more productive and willing to take action! 11. Know that Youre Worth It Knowing that you want to write for a living means you enjoy writing, others have told you that your writing is good and it comes easy to you. If you find that writing is a challenge, that you dont have a firm grasp of the English language or the thought of writing a 5,000 word article is daunting, then maybe freelance writing isnt for you. Ive always loved and enjoyed writing. In high school, I wrote poetry and short stories. In college, I loved researching for my term papers and essays. Naturally, freelance writing sounded like a great gig to me! So know that youre worth it as a writer! If All Else Fails Well, if after doing all these things to stay positive doesnt work, then fake it until you make it! I did this, and it proved well. If a job ad asks for three years of freelance writing, I made sure that I mentioned that I do have three years.of writing 🙂 Im not lying! Okay! Over to you – what do you do to remain positive as a new freelance writer?

Looking Backward 2000-1887 essays

Looking Backward 2000-1887 essays While many Americans viewed themselves as practical people prior to the publication of Edward Bellamys Looking Backward, I believe that the book had so many supporters because the ideas that Bellamy offered to Americans were beyond practical. It was more than just a simple life. More than just carefree society. While there were still rules and regulations to be followed as in times before, Bellamys idea of the future was particularly inviting for the people of middle and lower classes. A person of upper-middle class or someone considered to be wealthy may not have appreciated a society with such simplistic ideas or ways of life. Also with the idea of status in a community being revoked many people of upper social classes may have felt offended that family names would not go on to present them of a high social standing. However, more than status or simple ways of living attracted people to Bellamys ideas. The idea of credit cards, shops that carried all the essentials, meals ma de by people outside the home, equal pay for every type of employment, and being able to retire from industrial employment at the age of 45 was a real perk for someone living in Bellamys future society. Credit cards in this society gave new meaning to the ideas of spending and receiving ones salary. The idea of the cards was brilliant in that they made it so much easier for a person to carry around. Rather then having to carry around cash and change and rummage through purses and pockets in order to pay a vendor they could simply pull out the card and have it punched for the goods they received. This would have also save for embarrassing moments when a person might not have enough money to pay for the items that they need. If need be they could always dip into the next years credit if they really needed something. This brings us to the next idea of simplistic living that Bellamy speaks of. ...